Personal
Words like I, me, mine, we, you, he, she, it, they, etc. - that directly represent some person or thing are Personal Pronouns.I, me, mine, we, you, he, she, it, they आदि जैसे शब्दों को व्यक्तिवाचक सर्वनाम या Personal Pronoun कहते हैं, क्योंकि ये शब्द सीधे-सीधे किसी व्यक्ति या वस्तु का बोध करते हैं. These are classified into 3 groups इन्हें 3 समूहों में वर्गित किया जा सकता है
These are classified into 3 groupsइन्हें 3 समूहों में वर्गित किया जा सकता है
First Person प्रथम व्यक्ति
I and we are the pronouns in this group. The pronouns in this group refer to self - the person who is making this sentence.इस समूह में बात करने वाला अपने स्वयं का बोध करता है. I और we इसी श्रेणी में आते हैं.
- I am a boy.
- We are girls.
Second Person द्वितीय व्यक्ति
You is the pronoun in this group. This refers to the person who is being talked to in the sentence.यह उस व्यक्ति बोध करता है का जिससे बात की जा रही है. You इस श्रेणी में आता हैं.
- You are young.
Third Person अन्य व्यक्ति
The pronouns in this category are used to refer to the third person or thing who is being discussed. He, she, it and they are personal pronouns in this category.इस में उस तीसरे व्यक्ति या वस्तु का बोध होता है जिसके बारे में चर्चा की जा रही है. He, she, it और they इस श्रेणी के personal pronoun हैं.
- He is a boy.Masculine (पुलिंग)
- She is a girl.Feminine (स्त्रीलिंग)
- It is a book.Neuter (उभयलिंग)
- They are children.All genders (सभी लिंग)
One additional aspect to consider while using the third person pronoun is the gender of the noun that is to be represented.तृतीय व्यक्ती वाले सर्वनाम का उपयोग करते समय एक और पहलू पर गौर करना चाहिये. जिस संज्ञा के स्थान पर सर्वनाम का उपयोग किया जा रहा है उसके लिंग के अनुसार चुना जाता है.
Forms of the Personal Pronouns
The personal pronouns shown above are of the nominative form. Besides this, the pronouns are of the possessive and accusative forms.ऊपर उल्लेखित सभी personal pronouns के रूप को nominative कहते हैं. इनके अन्य रूप possessive और accusative हैं So, let us a look at each of the three forms in each of the three groups. तो आइये तीनों समूह के अंतर्गत तीनों रूप को एक नजर देख लेते हैं.
First Person
| Singular (All Genders) | Plural (All Genders) | |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | I | we |
| Possessive | my, mine | our, ours |
| Accusative | me | us |
Second Person
| Singular (All Genders) | Plural (All Genders) | |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | you | you |
| Possessive | your, yours | your, yours |
| Accusative | you | you |
Third Person
| Singular - Masculine | Singular - Feminine | Singular - Neuter | Plural - All Genders | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | he | she | it | they |
| Possessive | his | her, hers | its | their, theirs |
| Accusative | him | her | it | them |
Use of it as a personal pronoun
Things without life
The pronoun it is used to represent things without life.सर्वनाम it के उपयोग से निर्जीव वस्तुओं का प्रतिनीदित्व किया जाता है.
- This is a table, it is very big.
Animals
It is used for animals when discussing them generally without refering to their sex.प्राणियों का प्रतिनीधित्व करने के लिये it का उपयोग उस समय किया जाता है जब उसके लिंग का उल्लेख ना करना हो.
- I have a pet dog, it is so cute.
He or she is used when refer to it as a male or a female.जब उस प्राणी का जिकर नर या मादा के रूप में करना हो तब he या she का उपयोग किया जाता है.
- I have a pet dog, she gave birth to twins.
Some Statements
It is used to represent a statement, when that statement is referred to as a noun.जब किसी कथन का उल्लेख संज्ञा की तरह किया जाता है तब उसका प्रतिनीधित्व it से किया जाता है.
- He was not well, he knew it.
- He wants to go home, he spoke of it.
Emphasis a noun or pronoun
In a statement it is used to give emphasis to a noun or pronoun.कथन में किसी संज्ञा या सर्वनाम पर जोर प्रदर्शित करने के लिए it का उपयोगकिया जाता है.
- It is you who started this fight.Normally we could have said You started this fight. It is was added to give emphsize you
There are uses of the word it that define it as an Impersonal Pronouns.शब्द it के कुछ उपयोग ऐसे हैं जो इसे Impersonal Pronoun